Indian economy has traditionally been agrarian and
self sufficient with a caste based division of labor. This resulted in economic
disparities among sections of the society. Economic empowerment implies the
provision of training and employment-cum-income generation activities with both
“forward” and “backward” linkages with the ultimate objective of making
community economically independent and self reliant. It would also mean
conferring, through policies, onto the economically deprived sections the
strength that would alleviate their poverty, improve their living standards and
help in generating assets. This fact is generally not in the knowledge of
citizens.
Objective of empowerment of certain section
of the society is to grant them those rights which would make them equal with
other persons or social groups. This is an interesting fact about Indian Economy.
Hence, empowerment is aimed at
equality. In order to achieve equality we also need to understand in what areas
the equality is to be achieved. These areas then could be considered for
empowerment. In this we need to address those areas where equal treatment can
be given to all, i.e. before law, equal and inalienable rights, equal freedom or
moral equality, full political equality (as equal universal suffrage), social
equality (as equal status and consideration regardless of class or wealth) and
equal opportunity (as equal access and equal start). These are enshrined in
different Articles in the Indian Constitution which guarantees them. There are
four essential areas that need to be addressed to achieve “equality”.
The latest news is that
economy of India is getting empowered. World Bank defines empowerment on any
economy as the expansion of assets and capabilities of poor people to
participate in, negotiate with, influence control, and hold accountable
institutions that affect their lives’. No doubt, therefore, empowerment is
essentially a political process. Central to the concept of empowerment are four
core elements: about general knowledge, inclusion and
participation; accountability; and local organized capacity and subsequent
networking with wider movement groups to create a climate of pressure on the
holders of power. The centrality of the notion of empowerment is located in the
dynamics of sharing, distribution and redistribution of power, which has a
basis of legitimacy.
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